Chronic minocycline administration improves spermatogenesis in rats / La administración crónica de minociclina mejora la espermatogénesis en ratas

Introduction: Minocycline is a tetracycline with promising protective effects on different organs which are completely distinct from its antibacterial effects. Methods: To evaluate the effects of chronic administration of this agent on histological structure and sperm parameters of testes, forty adult male rats were randomly allocated into 2 equal groups I: control animals and II: treated animal that received 25mg/kg/day minocycline, orally. After 90 days of treatment, serum level of testosterone was assessed as well as sperm count, motility and morphology. Moreover, histological and histomorphometric evaluation of testes was performed including determination of height of the seminiferous germinal epithelium and perpendicular diameter of seminiferous tubules. Numbers of spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, spermatids, Sertoli and Leydig cells were counted. Johnsen's scoring method was also performed. Results: Sperm parameters significantly improved in minocycline-treated animals. Moreover, number of germ cells in different stages of development significantly increased in treatment group as compared to control. This finding was associated with better Johnsen's score and thicker epithelium in seminiferous tubules. However, serum testosterone levels, Leydig and Sertoli cell count as well as tubular diameter did not show significant changes (p>0.05). Discussion: Chronic administration of minocycline is associated with improved spermatogenesis and sperm characteristics without affecting steroidogenesis in rats. (AU)

Introducción: La minociclina es una tetraciclina con efectos protectores prometedores en diferentes órganos que son completamente distintos de sus efectos antibacterianos. Métodos: Para evaluar los efectos de la administración crónica de este agente sobre la estructura histológica y los parámetros espermáticos de los testículos, se asignaron al azar 40 ratas macho adultas en 2 grupos iguales: I, animales control; y II, animal tratado que recibió 25mg/kg/día de minociclina, por vía oral. Después de 90 días de tratamiento, se evaluó el nivel sérico de testosterona, así como el recuento, la motilidad y la morfología de los espermatozoides. Además, se realizó una evaluación histológica e histomorfométrica de los testículos, incluida la determinación de la altura del epitelio germinal seminífero y el diámetro perpendicular de los túbulos seminíferos. Se contó el número de espermatogonias, espermatocitos primarios, espermátidas, células de Sertoli y Leydig. También se realizó el método de puntuación de Johnsen. Resultados: Los parámetros de los espermatozoides mejoraron significativamente en los animales tratados con minociclina. Además, el número de células germinales en diferentes etapas de desarrollo aumentó significativamente en el grupo de tratamiento en comparación con el control. Este hallazgo se asoció con una mejor puntuación de Johnsen y un epitelio más grueso en los túbulos seminíferos. Sin embargo, los niveles séricos de testosterona, el recuento de células de Leydig y Sertoli y el diámetro tubular no mostraron cambios significativos (p>0,05). Discusión: La administración crónica de minociclina se asocia con una mejor espermatogénesis y características de los espermatozoides sin afectar la esteroidogénesis en ratas. (AU)

Chronic minocycline administration improves spermatogenesis in rats.

INTRODUCTION: Minocycline is a tetracycline with promising protective effects on different organs which are completely distinct from its antibacterial effects. METHODS: To evaluate the effects of chronic administration of this agent on histological structure and sperm parameters of testes, forty adult male rats were randomly allocated into 2 equal groups I: control animals and II: treated animal that received 25mg/kg/day minocycline, orally. After 90 days of treatment, serum level of testosterone was assessed as well as sperm count, motility and morphology. Moreover, histological and histomorphometric evaluation of testes was performed including determination of height of the seminiferous germinal epithelium and perpendicular diameter of seminiferous tubules. Numbers of spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, spermatids, Sertoli and Leydig cells were counted. Johnsen's scoring method was also performed. RESULTS: Sperm parameters significantly improved in minocycline-treated animals. Moreover, number of germ cells in different stages of development significantly increased in treatment group as compared to control. This finding was associated with better Johnsen's score and thicker epithelium in seminiferous tubules. However, serum testosterone levels, Leydig and Sertoli cell count as well as tubular diameter did not show significant changes (p>0.05). DISCUSSION: Chronic administration of minocycline is associated with improved spermatogenesis and sperm characteristics without affecting steroidogenesis in rats.

Papilomatosis confluente y reticulada de Gougerot-Carteaud / CONFLUENT AND RETICULATED PAPILLOMATOSIS OF GOUGEROT-CARTAUD

La papilomatosis confluente y reticulada de Gougerot-Cartaud es una dermatosis poco frecuente, de etiología incierta. Afecta a adolescentes y adultos jóvenes, con leve predilección por el sexo masculino. Se presenta como pápulas parduzcas que confluyen formando placas centrales con patrón reticulado en la periferia, asintomáticas o levemente pruriginosas. La localización característica es tronco anterior y posterior, a nivel de la línea media. Los antibióticos orales, principalmente la minociclina, constituyen el tratamiento de elección. Debe diferenciarse de otras entidades, entre ellas pitiriasis versicolor, acantosis nigricans y dermatosis terra firma-forme. Se presenta una paciente de 17 años con papilomatosis confluente y reticulada de GougerotCarteaud que respondió satisfactoriamente al tratamiento con minociclina vía oral y tretinoína 0,025% tópica.

Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis of Gougerot-Cartaud is a rare dermatosis, of still uncertain etiology. It affects adolescents and young adults, with a slight predilection for males. It presents as asymptomatic or slightly pruritic brownish papules that converge to form central plaques with a reticulated pattern on the periphery. The characteristic location is midline anterior and posterior trunk. Oral antibiotics, mainly minocycline, are the treatment of choice. It must be differentiated from other entities, including pityriasis versicolor, acanthosis nigricans, and terra firme-forme dermatosis. We present a 17-year-old patient with confluent Gougerot-Carteaud papillomatosis who responded satisfactorily to treatment with oral minocycline and topical tretinoin 0.025%.

Papilomatosis confluente y reticulada de Gougerot-Carteaud / Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis of Gougerot-Carteaud

La papilomatosis confluente y reticulada es una dermatosis infrecuente, benigna, de curso crónico y etiopatogenia desconocida. Actualmente, se acepta que se debe a un trastorno de la queratinización. Se caracteriza por máculas y pápulas hiperpigmentadas, que coalescen en el centro y adoptan un patrón reticular en la periferia. Se la puede confundir con otras patologías, como la pitiriasis versicolor y la acantosis nigricans. Con la administración de minociclina por vía oral suelen obtenerse excelentes resultados. Se comunica el caso de un paciente con diagnóstico de papilomatosis confluente y reticulada. Se describen sus características clínicas, criterios diagnósticos y trata-miento instaurado.

Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis is an infrequent, benign dermatosis of chronic course and unknown etiopathogenesis. Currently it is accepted that this dermatosis is due to a keratinization disorder. It is characterized by hyperpigmented macules and papules that coalesce in the center and adopt a reticular pattern in the periphery. It can be confused with other pathologies such as pityriasis versicolor and acanthosis nigricans. Oral minocycline usually shows excellent results. The present work reports a case of a patient with a diagnosis of confluent and retic-ulated papillomatosis, describing its clinical characteristics, diagnostic criteria and established treatment.

Hipomelanosis macular progresiva: respuesta al tratamiento con minociclina / Progressive macular hypomelanosis: response to treatment with minocycline

La hipomelanosis macular progresiva (HMP) es una dermatosis caracterizada por máculas hipopigmentadas, que se observa con mayor frecuencia en las mujeres y en los fototipos III y IV. Se ha asociado a Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) de tipo III como factor etiológico. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 30 años, con máculas hipopigmentadas redondeadas en el tronco y la raíz de los miembros inferiores, de 10 años de evolución. El estudio histológico informó disminución del número de melanocitos y de pigmento melánico en la capa basal e infiltrado inflamatorio mononuclear perivascular superficial. Se indicó minociclina 100 mg/día por vía oral durante 8 meses, tras lo cual se observó la resolución total de las lesiones.

Progressive macular hypomelanosis (PMH) is a dermatosis characterized by hypopigmented macules, most frequently found in females and in phototypes III and IV. Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) type III has been associated as an etiological factor. We present the case of a thirty-year-old female patient with a 10-year history of nummular hypopigmented macules located on the top of the lower limbs and on the trunk. The histological study reported a decrease in the number of melanocytes and melanotic pigment in the basal layer and the presence of superficial perivascular mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate. After an 8-month regimen of oral minocycline 100 mg/day, there was a complete resolution of the lesions.

Estudo in vitro da ação antimicrobiana de medicações intracanal experimentais sobre biofilmes de Enterococcus faecalis / In vitro study of the antimicrobial action of experimental intracanal medications on Enterococcus faecalis biofilm

Introdução: A eliminação do Enterococcus faecalis dos canais radiculares é fundamental para o sucesso do tratamento endodôntico, uma vez que esses microrganismos são de difícil eliminação, principalmente quando organizados em forma de biofilmes. A busca por drogas ou suas combinações que possam eliminar esses microrganismos é um dos principais objetivos terapêuticos. Objetivo: O presente estudo avaliou a ação antimicrobiana de medicações intracanal experimentais sobre biofilmes de Enterococcus faecalis. Métodos: Quarenta dentes bovinos unirradiculares foram utilizados; suas coroas foram seccionadas e as raízes foram instrumentadas e esterilizadas. As raízes foram contaminadas com suspensão contendo Enterococcus faecalis, mantidas em estufa a 37°C por 30 dias e divididas em quatro grupos, de acordo com a medicação intracanal: GI) medicação experimental 1 (clorexidina [CHX] 0,2%/metronidazol, doxiciclina); GII) medicação experimental 2 (CHX 0,2%/metronidazol, minociclina); GIII) clorexidina a 2% (CHX 2%); e GIV) solução salina. As raízes foram seladas e mantidas em estufa por 7 dias, em tubos contendo TSB. Dentina foi coletada e semeada por 24 h, para formação de UFCs. Os valores obtidos foram comparados pelos testes ANOVA e Tukey (p<0,05). Quando comparados os resultados, não houve diferenças entre os Grupos I, II e III; no entanto, eles foram significativamente diferentes do Grupo IV. Conclusão: As medicações intracanal experimentais exerceram ação antimicrobiana sobre biofilmes de Enterococcus faecalis (AU).

Background: The elimination of Enterococcus faecalis of the root canals is fundamental for endodontic success, since these microorganisms are difficult to killed, especially when organized in biofilms. The search for drugs or their combinations that can eliminate these microorganisms is one of the main therapeutic aim. This study evaluated the antimicrobial action of experimental intracanal medications on Enterococcus faecalis biofilms. Methods: Forty uniradicular bovine teeth were used; their crowns were removed, and the roots were instrumented and sterilized. The roots were contaminated with suspension containing Enterococcus faecalis and kept in an oven at 37°C for 30 days. The roots were divided into 4 groups according to the intracanal medication: I- experimental medication 1 (0.2% CHX/metronidazole/ doxycycline); II- experimental medication 2 (0.2% CHX/ metronidazole/minocycline), III- 2% chlorhexidine (2% CHX), and IV- saline solution. The roots were sealed and kept in tubes containing TSB in an oven for 7 days. Dentin was collected and seeded for 24 h for perform of CFUs. The values obtained were compared using ANOVA and Tukeys tests (p<0.05). When comparing the results, there were no differences among groups I, II and III; however, they were significantly different from group IV. Conclusion: The experimental intracanal medications exerted an antimicrobial action on Enterococcus faecalis biofilms (AU).

Estudo comparativo do uso da minociclina sistêmica versus corticoterapia sistêmica no tratamento de vitiligo em atividade / Comparative study on the use of systemic minocycline versus systemic corticosteroid therapy in the treatment of active vitiligo

Introdução: Vitiligo é uma doença cutânea adquirida crônica, que evolui com despigmentação. O controle da atividade da doença é um desafio terapêutico. Os corticosteroides sistêmicos, em uso diário ou sob a forma de pulsos, constituem o tratamento mais utilizado para a doença. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito da minociclina no controle sobre a atividade do vitiligo em comparação ao corticosteroide. Métodos: Ensaio clínico randomizado com 16 pacientes com vitiligo vulgar em atividade, distribuídos em dois grupos: Grupo MINO - minociclina 100mg/dia, via oral, por três meses; e Grupo CORT - prednisolona 0,3mg/kg/dia, via oral, por dois meses e 0,15mg/ kg/dia no terceiro mês. Os pacientes foram avaliados antes e depois do tratamento por: registros fotográficos e avaliação das pontuações obtidas pelo escore VIDA (escore de atividade da doença vitiligo). Resultados: De acordo com os registros fotográficos, houve controle da atividade do vitiligo em 100% dos pacientes do Grupo MINO em comparação a 60% do Grupo CORT. Na comparação para o escore VIDA, notou-se diferença estatisticamente significante para ambos os grupos; porém, constatou-se que a redução foi maior no Grupo MINO, evidenciando maior efetividade da minociclina no controle da atividade do vitiligo. Conclusões: Este estudo demonstrou a eficácia da minociclina no controle do vitiligo em atividade em comparação a um esquema de corticoterapia sistêmica. Estudos adicionais devem ser realizados para confirmar sua eficácia.

Introduction: Vitiligo is a chronic acquired skin disease, which evolves with depigmentation. The control of disease activity is a therapeutic challenge. Systemic corticosteroids, in daily use or in pulse doses, are the most used treatment for the disease. Objective: To evaluate the effect of minocycline on the control over vitiligo activity compared with the corticosteroid therapy. Methods: Randomized clinical trial with 16 active vitiligo vulgaris patients, divided into two groups: MINO group: minocycline 100mg/day, orally, for three months; and CORT group: prednisolone 0.3mg/kg/day, orally, for two months, and 0.15 mg/kg/day in the third month. The patients were evaluated before and after the treatment by photographic records and evaluation of the scores obtained by the VIDA score (vitiligo disease activity score). Results: According to the photographic records, there was control of vitiligo activity in 100% of patients in the MINO group compared with 60% in the CORT group. In the comparison using the VIDA score, we noticed a statistically significant difference for both groups; however, we found that the reduction was greater in the MINO group, evidencing more effectiveness of minocycline in controlling the vitiligo activity. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the efficacy of minocycline in the control of active vitiligo compared with a systemic corticosteroid regimen. Additional studies should be performed to confirm its efficacy.

Diseño de chip de tetraciclina y minociclina en la proliferación bacteriana de la microflora de bolsas periodontales / Design of chip of tetracycline and minocicline in the bacterial proliferation of the microflora of periodontal bags

La investigación está orientada a buscar medidas más directas para tratar el problema de la proliferación bacteriana, durante el tratamiento de bolsa, favoreciendo una rápida curación en un medio libre de bacterias. Objetivos: Determinar el Chip que tenga mejor efecto en la proliferación bacteriana de la microflora de bolsas periodontales. Material y métodos: Los grupos fueron constituidos 2 grupos experimentales de chip de tetraciclina y de minociclina y un grupo control con disco de tetraciclina y un blanco, las bacterias fueron obtenidas de 16 pacientes, estas se suspendieron en Caldo peptopnado dejándose en la incubadora por 24 horas y después se sembraron en las placas Petri conteniendo Agar sangre.. La información obtenida se recopiló en Fichas de observación microbiológica a las 24, 48 y 72 horas. El estudio realizado fue de tipo experimental, prospectiva, longitudinal y el nivel de investigación fue experimental. Se utilizó el software SPSS versión 21. El análisis que se realizó se dio por la variable independiente bifactorial(chip de tetraciclina y chip de minociclina)y por la variable dependiente univariado, así mismo por la naturaleza de la investigación va a ser un análisis cuantitativo. Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos muestran un efecto inhibiendo la proliferación bacteriana de la microflora de bolsas periodontales, que se manifestaron por la presencia de halos de inhibición en las diferentes con una media de 11,94 a las 72 horas correspondiente al chip de tetraciclina y un promedio de 6.25 milímetros a las 72 horas del chip de minociclina, obteniéndose un valor de p = 0.000, es decir p <0.005. Conclusiones: El chip de minociclina presenta una acción menor que el de la tetraciclina, negando la hipótesis planteada, es decir existe diferencia estadística entre ambos. (AU)

The research is oriented to seek more direct measures to treat the problem of bacterial proliferation, during bag treatment, favoring a quick cure in a bacteria-free environment. Objectives: Determine the Chip that has the best effect on the bacterial proliferation of periodontal pocket microflora. Material and Methods: The groups were constituted 2 experimental groups of tetracycline chip and minocycline and a control group with tetracycline disc and a white, the bacteria were obtained from 16 patients, these were suspended in broth peptopnado leaving in the incubator for 24 hours and then they planted in the Petri dishes containing blood agar. The information obtained was compiled in microbiological observation sheets at 24, 48 and 72 hours. The study was experimental, prospective, longitudinal and the level of research was experimental. The software SPSS version 21 was used. The analysis was carried out by the independent variable bifactorial (chip of tetracycline and chip of minocycline) and by the univariate dependent variable, likewise by the nature of the research it will be a quantitative analysis. Results: The results obtained show an effect inhibiting the bacterial proliferation of the periodontal pocket microflora, which was manifested by the presence of inhibition halos in the different ones with a mean of 11.94 at 72 hours corresponding to the tetracycline chip and an average of 6.25 millimeters at 72 hours of the minocycline chip, obtaining a value of p = 0.000, that is p <0.005. Conclusions: Finally we conclude that the l chip of minocycline has a lower action than that of tetracycline, denying the hypothesis, that is, there is a statistical difference between the two. (AU)

Confluent and Reticulated Papillomatosis With Linear Pseudo-striae: A Description of 20 Cases. / Papilomatosis confluente y reticulada con pseudoestrías lineales: descripción de 20 casos.

Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis, also known as Gougerot-Carteaud Syndrome, is a rare chronic disease typically affecting young adults. Of unknown etiology, the condition is characterised by oval grayish-brown or erythematous papules that coalesce to form a reticular pattern, usually on the trunk, especially in the intermammary or interscapular region and on the neck. Diagnosis is primarily clinical, based on the appearance of the lesions, the areas affected, and the response to treatment with minocycline. We report 20 cases of patients with histologically confirmed confluent and reticulated papillomatosis who presented linear pseudo-striae, a little known diagnostic sign.

Pseudotumor cerebral secundario al consumo de minociclina en un paciente pediátrico / Pseudotumor cerebri secondary to consumption of minocycline in a pediatric patient

El pseudotumor cerebral se caracteriza por una elevación de la presión intracraneal mayor de 20 cmH2O, con ventrículos y líquido cefalorraquídeo de características normales. El consumo de minociclina es una de las causas asociadas a este síndrome. Presentamos una paciente de 13 años de edad con antecedentes de acné tratado con minociclina. Comenzó con cefalea intensa, diplopía y visión borrosa. Se constató el diagnóstico de pseudotumor cerebral y se indicó la suspensión inmediata del antibiótico y el inicio del tratamiento con acetazolamida. Aunque la patogénesis de pseudotumor cerebral no es totalmente conocida, se ha observado una asociación con el empleo de minociclina. Este antibiótico es de uso frecuente para el manejo del acné, por lo que es importante considerar sus complicaciones antes de ser prescrito.

Pseudotumor cerebri is a syndrome characterized by an elevated intracranial pressure greater than 20 cmH2O with ventricles and cerebrospinal fluid of normal characteristics. Consumption of minocycline have been described among the causes associated with this syndrome. We present a 13-year old female patient with a history of acne treated with minocycline who began with severe headache, diplopia and blurred vision. The diagnosis of pseudotumor cerebri was made, indicating the immediate antibiotic suspension and the beginning of the treatment with acetazolamide. Although the pathogenesis of pseudotumor cerebri is not fully known, an association with minocycline has been observed. This antibiotic is often used by health professionals for the management of acne, so it is important to consider its complications before being prescribed.

Subgingivally applied minocycline microgranules in subjects with chronic periodontitis: a randomized clinical and microbiological trial / Microgránulos de minociclina subgingival en sujetos con periodontitis crónica. Estudio clínico y microbiológico aleatorizado

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto clínico y microbiológico de microgránulos de Minociclina, colocados subgingivalmente como coadyuvante del raspaje y alisado radicular en pacientes con Periodontitis crónica severa. Participaron 26 sujetos voluntarios con Periodontitis crónica, no fumadores. Se seleccionaron 4 sitios contralaterales con Sangrado al Sondaje (SS) y Profundidad al Sondaje (PS) > 6 mm. Condición Basal (CB): se registró, PS y Nivel de Inserción (NI). Se determinó mdiante PCR la presencia de Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Tannerella forsythia (Tf), Treponema denticola (Td) y Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa). Un lado de la boca fue aleatoriamente asignado al tratamiento experimental: grupo T, el otro al tratamiento control: grupo C. Al día 30 y 90 se repitieron los exámenes clínicos y microbiológicos. Día 30: el SS se redujo al 81 por ciento en el grupo C y al 12 por ciento en el grupo T (p<0,05). Estas diferencias se mantuvieron al día 90 (C: 58 por ciento, T: 8 por ciento) (p<0.05). Día 30 y 90: hubo disminución de la PS en ambos grupos, siendo significativamente mayor en el grupo T (p<0,05). En ambos grupos hubo disminución significativa del NI (p<0,05), no hubo diferencias entre los grupos al día 30 y sí al día 90. A los 30 y 90 días en ambos grupos se redujo la prevalencia para Pg, Tf ,Td y Aa. A los 30 y 90 días la reducción de sitios con Pg fue mayor en el grupo T (p=0,002). A los 90 días Td disminuyó en el grupo T y aumentó en el grupo C (p=0,023). No se observaron efectos adversos. Los resultados mostraron que la aplicación subgingival de microgránulos de minociclina adjunta al raspaje y alisado radicular produjo una reducción mayor del SS, la PS y el NI que el raspaje y alisado solo, aumentó la probabilidad de suprimir Pg y retardó la recolonización con Td.

The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical and microbiological effects of subgingival minocycline microgranules when used as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in subjects with Chronic periodontitis. Twenty-six non-smoker volunteers participated in the study. Four opposite sites, clinically standardized, with bleeding on probing (BOP) and pocket depth (PD) ≥ 6 mm were selected. Baseline BOP, PD and Clinical attachment level (CAL) were measured and microbiological samples were collected from the study sites and analyzed using PCR. Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) Tannerella forsythia (Tf), Treponema denticola (Td) and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) were detected. One side of the mouth was randomly allocated to the experimental treatment: scaling and root planing plus minocycline microgranules (Test group=T) and the other side of the mouth toscaling and root planing alone (Control group=C). At days 30 and 90, clinical and microbiological examination was repeated. After 30 days BOP was reduced to 81% in C and to 12% in T and at day 90 to 58% in C and to 8% in T (p<0.05). PD wassignificantly reduced in both groups (C: 4.8mm, T: 4.2mm) favoring T at days 30 and 90 (p<0.05). CAL reduction at day 30 showed no difference between groups. At day 90, CAL reduction was higher in T (p<0.05). At days 30 and 90 Pg, Tf, Td and Aa was reduced in both groups. Pg reduction wassignificantly greater in group T. At day 90 frequency of sites with Td decreased in T and increased in C (p<0.05). No adverse effect was observed. This study showed that minocycline microgranules adjunct to scaling and root planing resulted in grater reduction of BOP and PD, higher CAL gain, increased probability of Pg suppression and retarded recolonization of Td than root instrumentation alone.

Protección frente a la tinción dentaria en dientes tratados con tetraciclinas al aplicar un antioxidante (ácido ascórbico) / Protection from the tooth stain on teeth treated with tetracycline applying an antioxidant (ascorbic acid)

En la presente investigación pretendemos optimizar los resultados, evitando la coloración coronal, en procedimientos odontológicos donde sea imprescindible el uso de tetraciclinas así como evaluar la disminución de las coloraciones coronales, al aplicar un antioxidante (Acido Ascórbico) en dientes tratados con tetraciclinas (Minociclina y Doxiciclina). Estudio experimental de investigación básica, de tipo ensayo clínico. En los dientes tratados con minociclina y doxiciclina observamos cambios en la coloración dentaria apreciables tanto en corona como en la raíz, mientras que en los grupos dentarios donde se añadió el antioxidante (ácido ascórbico) a la tetraciclina no se obtuvo esa tinción. La adición de ácido ascórbico a minociclina y doxiciclina provoca que la tinción dentaria no se produzca o que se vea significativamente reducid a.

In this research we want to optimize the results, avoiding the coronal coloring, in dental procedures in where the use of tetracyclines is essential as well as evaluating the reduction of coronal discoloration, by applying an antioxidant (ascorbic acid) in the teeth treated with tetracyclines (minocycline and doxycycline). Experimental study of basic research, clinical trial type. Results: In the teeth treated with minocycline and doxycycline we observed changes in the coloration of the teeth both in crown and in the root, while in the tooth groups in which the antioxidant was added to tetracycline we observed that no staining was obtained. The addition of Ascorbic acid to minoclynine and doxyclycline causes that dental stain will not occur or be significant reduced.

Utilização de materiais restauradores autocondicionantes na prevenção de descoloração coronária causada por minociclina / Use of self-etching restorative materials to prevent crown discoloration caused by minocycline

O objetivo desse estudo foi comparar a capacidade de dois materiais restauradores em prevenir a descoloração coronária causada pela minociclina como medicação intracanal e propor uma técnica de fácil implementação para encorajar o uso da pasta tri-antibiótica para desinfecção do sistema de canais radiculares durante procedimentos de regeneração pulpar sem perda estética. Cem dentes foram selecionados, seus canais radiculares foram instrumentados e divididos em quatro grupos de acordo com o tratamento dentinário utilizado: Grupo OB- Agente adesivo OptiBond All-In-One (KERR); Grupo U200- Cimento resinoso auto-condicionante e auto adesivo RelyX U200 (3M ESPE); Grupo MIN- Sem revestimento; Grupo CN- Sem revestimento (controle negativo). Em todos os grupos, com exceção do CN, foi utilizada pasta de minociclina como medicação intracanal coberta por uma bolinha de algodão e vedados com restauração provisória. As medições de cor foram realizadas com um espectrofotômetro no início do estudo (T0), e 7(T7), 14 (T14), 21 (T21) e 28 dias (T28) pós-minociclina. Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos à análise estatística. As diferenças de cor (∆E*) foram crescentes nos grupos CN, OB, U200 e MIN, respectivamente. A diferença de luminosidade (∆L*) foi também crescente nos grupos CN, OB, U200 e MIN, respectivamente. Houve diferença significante entre os grupos MIN e CN, e entre os grupos MIN e U200 (p<0,05). O eixo amarelo-azul (∆b*) não apresentou alteração de cor significante (p>0,05). Uma alteração de cor significante no eixo vermelho-verde (∆a*) foi observada no grupo MIN em relação ao grupo CN (p<0,05). Portanto, conclui-se que a técnica foi fácil de ser implementada, ambos materiais reduziram a descoloração da coroa causada pela pasta de minociclina mas foram ineficazes em impedi-la completamente.

The aim of this work was to assess the ability of two restorative materials to prevent crown discoloration caused by topic use of minocycline as an intracanal medicament and to propose an easy to implement technique to encourage the use of the tri-antibiotic paste to disinfect the root canal system during pulp regeneration procedures without aesthetic depletion. One hundred teeth were divided into four groups after access and instrumentation by the dentinary treatment: Group OB- Self etching bonding agent OptiBond All-In-One (KERR); Group U200- Self etching resin cement RelyX U200 (3M ESPE); Group MIN- Without restorative material; Group CN- Without restorative material. All groups, except CN, received minocycline as intracanal medicament covered by cotton pellet and sealed with provisional restoration. Color determination were performed with an spectrophotometer at the beginning of the study (T0), 7 days (T7), 14 days (T14), 21 days (T21) and 28 days (T28) after intracanal placement of the minocycline paste. The results were statistically analyzed. Overall color difference (∆E*) increased from Grupo CN, Grupo OB, Grupo U200 and Grupo MIN respectively. There was significant difference between groups MIN and CN, and between groups MIN and U200 (p<0,05). Luminosity difference (∆L*) increased from Groupo CN, Groupo OB, Grupo U200 and Grupo MIN respectively. There was significant difference between groups CN and MIN, between groups MIN and OB, and between groups MIN and U200 (p<0,05). Color variance in the blue-yellow axis (∆b*) showed no statistical difference (p>0,05). Color variance in the red-green axis (∆a*) was significant between groups MIN and CN (p<0,05). We concluded that the technique was indeed easy to implement, both materials reduced the crown discoloration caused by the minocycline paste but were unable to prevent it completely.

Minociclina en el tratamiento de la dermatitis periorificial granulomatosa en un niño de raza blanca, sin respuesta a otras tetraciclinas / Minocycline in the treatment of periorificial granulomatous dermatitis in a white child without response to other tetracyclines

La dermatitis periorificial granulomatosa es una entidad poco frecuente que fue inicialmente reportada en niños de raza negra, recibiendo el nombre de erupción facial de la niñez afroamericana. Posteriormente se encontró que dicha enfermedad puede presentarse en personas de todas las razas. El uso crónico de esteroides tópicos es el principal factor desencadenante, por lo que la suspensión de estos es la piedra angular en el tratamiento de esta entidad. Reportamos el caso de un niño de 14 años, con un cuadro de ocho meses de evolución de pápulas eritematosas bien definidas, localizadas en párpados inferiores y surcos nasolabiales con descamacion y eritema circundantes. Fue tratado con deflazacort, medrol, esteroides tópicos de alta potencia, dapsona, e isotretinoína oral, con poca mejoría. La biopsia de piel reportó granulomas no caseificantes compuestos por macrofagos epitelioides y un infiltrado inflamatorio linfocitario adyacente, haciéndose el diagnóstico de una dermatitis periorificial granulomatosa. El paciente fue tratado con minociclina oral y tacrolimus tópico, con desaparición de casi todas las lesiones después de un mes y medio de tratamiento.

Periorificial granulomatous dermatitis is a rare entity that was first reported in black children. Because of this, it was called facial afro-caribbean childhood eruption. However, in later publications it was found that this disease can occur in people of all races. Chronic use of topical steroids is the major exacerbating factor and the suspension of these is the cornerstone of treatment. We report the case of a 14 year-old boy with 8 months of well-defined erythematous papules located on his lower eyelids and nasolabial folds with surrounding erythema and desquamation. He was treated with deflazacort, medrol, high potency topical steroids, dapsone, and oral isotretinoin, with little improvement. Skin biopsy reported noncaseating granulomas composed of epithelioid macrophages and lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrate. The diagnosis of periorificial granulomatous dermatitis was made based on clinical history, physical examination and histology. Management was initiated with oral minocycline and topical tacrolimus, with almost complete disappearance of lesions after a month and a half of treatment.

Minocycline, but not ascorbic acid, increases motor activity and extends the life span of Drosophila melanogaster / La minociclina, pero no el ácido ascórbico, incrementa la actividad motora y extiende el período de vida de Drosophila melanogaster

In the present study we compared the effects of minocycline and ascorbic acid in the life span, motor activity and lipid peroxidation of Drosophila melanogaster, in an effort to find a substance capable of providing protection against oxidative stress in aging. In the flies treated with minocycline a very significant increase in the life span (101 ± 1.33 days) was observed when compared to those treated with ascorbic acid and controls (42.3% and 38.4%, respectively). The motor activity of minocycline treated flies also increased significantly with respect to control and ascorbic acid fed flies, from the 3rd to the 9th week of treatment. With regard to lipid peroxidation, it was found that the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in flies treated with minocycline showed no statistical differences to the control on the first day of treatment, but a significantly lower content on the day of 50% survival. In contrast, in flies treated with ascorbic acid significantly elevated levels of MDA compared to control and minocycline treated flies were detected throughout. These results suggest a protective effect of minocycline against oxidative stress and aging in D. melanogaster. An inhibitory effect on reactive oxygen species production may be an important contributing factor.

En el presente estudio se compararon los efectos del ácido ascórbico y la minociclina en la duración del periodo de vida, la actividad motora y la peroxidación lipídica de Drosophila melanogaster en un esfuerzo por encontrar una sustancia capaz de proporcionar protección contra el estrés oxidativo en el envejecimiento. En las moscas tratadas con minociclina se observó un aumento significativo en la duración de la vida (101 ± 1,33 días) en comparación con los tratados con ácido ascórbico y los controles (42,3% y 38,4%, respectivamente). La actividad motora de las moscas tratadas con minociclina aumentó significativamente cuando se comparó con las tratadas con ácido ascórbico y el control, desde la 3ra hasta la 9na semana de tratamiento. Con respecto a la peroxidación lipídica, se encontró que los niveles de malondialdehído (MDA) en moscas tratadas con minociclina no mostraron diferencias estadísticas con relación al control en el primer día de tratamiento; sin embargo, se detecto una disminución significativa de la concentración de MDA cuando se alcanzó el 50% de sobrevida. En contraste, en moscas tratadas con ácido ascórbico observamos que los niveles de MDA estaban significativamente elevados, cuando se compararon con las moscas tratadas con minociclina y el control a lo largo de todo el tratamiento. Estos resultados sugieren un efecto protector de la minociclina frente al estrés oxidativo y el envejecimiento en D. melanogaster, aunque un efecto inhibidor sobre la producción de especies reactivas del oxígeno puede ser un factor contribuyente importante.

Síndrome DRESS inducido por minociclina con desarrollo de nefritis intersticial aguda / DRESS syndrome induced by minocycline with development of acute interstitial nephritis

El síndrome DRESS (reacción a medicamentos con eosinofilia y síntomas sistémicos) es una rara y severa reacción de hipersensibilidad, caracterizado por anormalidades hematológicas y compromiso multiorgánico. Se reporta el caso de una mujer de 35 años con síndrome DRESS inducido por minociclina, la paciente desarrolló falla renal, nefritis intersticial severa, requiriendo manejo de soporte con hemodiálisis. La función renal se normalizó después de ocho semanas de tratamiento con corticoesteroides. (Acta Med Colomb 2012; 37: 89-92).

DRESS syndrome (drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms) is a rare and severe hypersensitivity reaction characterized by multiorgan involvement and hematological abnormalities. We present the case of a 35 year old woman with minocycline-induced DRESS syndrome. The patient developed severe interstitial nephritis with renal failure, requiring hemodialysis support management. Renal function returned to normal after eight weeks of treatment with corticosteroids. (Acta Med Colomb 2012; 37: 89-92).

Estudo duplo-cego randomizado e comparativo entre minociclina e placebo no tratamento da hipomelanose macular progressiva / Randomized, double-blind study of minocycline vs. placebo in the treatment of progressive macular hypomelanosis

Introdução: A hipomelanose macular progressiva (HMP) é hipopigmentação comum da pele, porém pouco diagnosticada. Ocorre em todas as raças e tem sido encontrada no mundo todo. Atinge adultos jovens, especialmente mulheres, sendo muitas vezes confundida compitiríase alba e pitiríase versicolor. Caracteriza-se por máculas hipopigmentadas numulares, não descamativas, bem definidas e simétricas, em áreas corporais de maior concentração de glândulas sebáceas (tronco, tórax, abdome e região lombar). Não há tratamento efetivo, e sua etiologia é pouco conhecida, mas recentemente foi descoberta fluorescência vermelha nas lesões, o que sugere a presença de porfirina, produzida pelo Propionibacterium acnes. Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia clínica do uso da minociclina 100mg/dia no tratamento dahipomelanose macular progressiva, comparado com grupo placebo. Métodos: Foram incluídos 20 pacientes maiores de 18 anos, com tempo de doença superior a três meses, sem alergias a derivados de tetraciclinas, sem tratamento prévio pelo menos nos últimos três meses, e houve a randomização aleatória em dois grupos (10 pacientes no grupo placebo e 10 no grupo da minociclina). As seguintes avaliações foram realizadas (pré-tratamento, 30 e 90 dias após o término do tratamento): lâmpada de Wood, exame clínico com descrição das lesões além da classificação na escala de cor e fotografias padronizadas. Resultados: Dos 20 pacientes incluídos, 18 completaram o estudo. Destes, o grupo que tomouminociclina teve melhora estatisticamente significante (p< 0,05) em comparação ao grupo-controle. Conclusão: Minociclina 100mg/dia por 30 dias foi eficaz isoladamente no tratamento da HMP, relacionando o provável papel do Propionibacterium acnes na patogenia da doença.

Protocolo de manejo de diente permanente avulsionado para el servicio de salud oral de la Fundación Hospital La Misericordia y la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, sede Bogotá (2011) / Protocol for Treatment of Avulsed Permanent Tooth at the Dental Care Unit of the La Misericordia Hospital Foundation and the National University of Colombia Dental School, campus Bogotá (2011)

Objetivo: la presente guía se elaboró con el fin de actualizar y complementar la guía demanejo de trauma dentoalveolar de la Fundación Hospital de la Misericordia y la Facultadde Odontología de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Métodos: se realizó una búsquedade literatura internacional en diferentes bases de datos y se analizaron los protocolos másrecientes y con mejores resultados en cuanto a la disminución de la aparición y al progresode la reabsorción radicular por remplazo, principal complicación al ser reimplantado undiente permanente avulsionado. Resultados: con esta actualización se pretende sugerir lamodificación de la terapia medicamentosa intraconducto y el acondicionamiento radicular,al encontrarse mejores mecanismos de acción de los medicamentos utilizados actualmente.Se recomienda llevar a cabo una socialización y aplicación de esta guía de manejo dentro dela Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, como en el Servicio deSalud Oral de la Fundación Hospital de la Misericordia...

Objective: This guide was conducted to update and complement the current managementguide for dentoalveolar trauma at the La Misericordia Hospital Foundation and the NationalUniversity of Colombia Dental School. Methods: A search of international literature in differentdatabases was carried out as well as the analysis of the most recent protocols andwith better results for decreasing the occurrence of root resorption, the main complicationafter an avulsed permanent teeth has been replanted. Results: This update is intended tosuggest the modification of the intracanal drug therapy and root surface conditioning to findbetter mechanisms of action of drugs currently used. It is recommended to disseminate andimplement this guide at the National University of Colombia Dental School and the dentalcare unit of the La Misericordia Hospital Foundation...

Avaliação de hansenianos tratados com esquema alternativo dose única ROM (rifampicina, ofloxacina e minociclina), após sete a nove anos / Evaluation years in leprosy patients treated with single dose alternative scheme ROM (rifampin, ofloxacin, minocycline), after seven to nine

INTRODUÇÃO: Em 1997, após a realização de estudo multicêntrico, duplo cego e randomizado, em nove centros de tratamento de hanseníase na Índia, o Ministério da Saúde adotou o esquema alternativo dose única ROM para casos de lesão única, paucibacilar, sem nervo periférico afetado, índice baciloscópico negativo, em Centros de Referência da doença no Brasil. O estudo se propôs a avaliar a efetividade do esquema ROM em pacientes tratados no período de 1997 a 1999 no Serviço de Dermatologia da Santa Casa de Vitória. MÉTODOS: Foram selecionados e tratados com o esquema ROM, 54 pacientes das formas indeterminada e tuberculóide. Estes pacientes foram convocados de março a outubro de 2006 para reavaliação clínica. RESULTADOS: Vinte e nove pacientes avaliados (85,2 por cento; IC95 por cento: 70-100,4) estavam curados, cinco (14,7 por cento; IC95 por cento: 7,4-22,0) recidivaram e 20 pacientes não retornaram; porém, não havia outra notificação de reingresso ao tratamento no banco de dados da Secretaria Estadual de Saúde. CONCLUSÕES: O estudo evidenciou taxa de cura de 90,8 por cento e taxa bruta de recidiva de 9,2 por cento, após período de sete a nove anos da dose ROM. O tratamento alternativo ROM demonstrou melhor efetividade para lesão única menor que quatro centímetros e aparecimento há menos de cinco anos.

INTRODUCTION: In 1997, after obtaining a combined multi-state double-blind randomly controlled clinical trial study from nine Indian centers involved in the treatment of Hansen's Disease, the Ministry of Health adapted the single dose ROM Therapy approach in those cases involving the treatment of a single skin lesion, paucibacillary leprosy without evidence of peripheral nerve trunk involvement and indication of negative baciloscope, in the Referral Centers in Brazil. The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the single dose ROM Therapy approach in those patients who were treated from the period of 1997 to 1999 in the Ambulatory Dermatologic Unit in the Hospital in Vitória, ES. METHODS: Fifty-four patients with tuberculoid and indeterminate leprosy were selected and treated with the single dose ROM Therapy approach. These patients were contacted from March 2006 up and until October 2006 for further clinical reevaluation. RESULTS: From the studies conducted, the following results were found to exist: 29 patients (85,2 percent; 95 percentCI: 70-100,4) were cured, 5 patients (14,7 percent; 95 percentCI: 7,4-22,0) relapsed, and 20 patients didn't return; however, there are no additional records of any notification of other treatment(s) in the State Department of Health's informational data banks. CONCLUSIONS: The study demonstrated a rate of cure of 90.8 percent and a rate of relapse of 9.2 percent after a period of seven to nine years using the single dose ROM Therapy approach. Additionally, this alternative treatment further demonstrated a better effectiveness for a single skin lesion smaller than four centimeters and with an appearance in less than five years.